B2/C1 Connectors in the Bundestag
The discourse markers and conjunctions that make formal German formal. Here is how often each Fraktion reaches for them. Click "Sample" for a speech that uses the connector.
| Connector | Meaning | Total | AfD | CDU/CSU | Linke | Grüne | SPD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| stattdessen | instead | 442 | 117 | 51 | 128 | 99 | 47 | Sample |
| trotzdem | nevertheless / despite that | 441 | 98 | 71 | 83 | 98 | 91 | Sample |
| allerdings | however / mind you (qualification or mild contrast) | 364 | 99 | 99 | 43 | 52 | 71 | Sample |
| indem | by [doing X] (subordinator of means) | 355 | 71 | 77 | 44 | 76 | 87 | Sample |
| ebenso | likewise / equally | 212 | 74 | 48 | 22 | 28 | 40 | Sample |
| ebenfalls | also / as well | 209 | 46 | 56 | 23 | 25 | 59 | Sample |
| dennoch | nevertheless / yet | 166 | 33 | 48 | 17 | 29 | 39 | Sample |
| vielmehr | rather / on the contrary | 126 | 39 | 33 | 8 | 14 | 32 | Sample |
| insofern | in this respect / to that extent | 122 | 9 | 61 | 5 | 3 | 44 | Sample |
| schließlich | after all / ultimately | 121 | 28 | 30 | 25 | 18 | 20 | Sample |
| letztlich | in the end / ultimately | 87 | 11 | 28 | 19 | 7 | 22 | Sample |
| gleichermaßen | equally / in the same way | 58 | 9 | 14 | 12 | 9 | 14 | Sample |
| weshalb | which is why / for which reason | 36 | 14 | 9 | 2 | 4 | 7 | Sample |
| zumal | all the more so as / especially since | 30 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 8 | Sample |
| gleichwohl | nevertheless / all the same (formal) | 21 | 1 | 13 | 0 | 1 | 6 | Sample |
| mitnichten | by no means / not at all (strong denial) | 21 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 6 | 5 | Sample |
| sofern | provided that / as long as | 21 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 3 | Sample |
| folglich | consequently / therefore | 16 | 3 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 4 | Sample |
| demgegenüber | in contrast / on the other hand | 9 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Sample |
| freilich | admittedly / of course (concessive) | 8 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | Sample |
| ungeachtet | regardless of / despite | 7 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | Sample |
| weswegen | for which reason (formal alt. to weshalb) | 6 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | Sample |
| gleichsam | as it were / so to speak | 5 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Sample |
| indes | however (formal alternative to 'aber') | 4 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Sample |
| wenngleich | even though / although (formal) | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Sample |
| infolgedessen | as a result / consequently | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Sample |
| demzufolge | accordingly / hence (formal) | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Sample |
| indessen | however / meanwhile (formal) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Sample |
| obgleich | although (literary) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Sample |
| wohingegen | whereas (formal alt. to wohingegen) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Sample |